Protecting containers from storms

The increasing ferocity and unpredictability of storms means that cargo is at risk unless properly stored. Land-based storms are often most severe at the shoreline and typically pose two risks – high winds and rainfall which, when combined with storm surges, can cause severe flooding.

“The common perception may be that an empty container – weighing two to three tonnes – cannot easily be dislodged, but the reality is rather different,” explains the TT Club.

“The sides of the units provide an ideal ‘sail area’ for high wind impact. Storage will generally have no interconnectors between tiers vertically and the options to tie down or secure stacks are often seen as challenging for depot or terminal yard operations.”

Lower wider stacks will reduce vulnerability and minimise the need for emergency re-stacking as a storm approaches as will aligning the longitudinal axes of the containers with the predominant wind direction.

Techniques such as ‘pyramiding’ or stepping the stacks can reduce the risks and provide some protection for adjacent assets. In some instances it may be possible to stack heavy laden units on top of empties, which may have the added benefit of protecting cargo from flood water.

Particular care should be taken with temperature controlled containers whose reefer machinery adds an additional vulnerability and operators are encouraged to secure alternative power supplies if necessary.

Ports and terminals should be familiar with the requirement to establish and test emergency plans, says the TT Club. Importantly, emergency plans need to be compiled in liaison with local authorities and emergency agencies, but also take account of risks presented by or to neighbouring facilities.